ABSTRACT. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the in vitro fermentation (IVRF) and apparent in vivo digestibility (AIVD) of diets formulated with four inclusion levels of babassu mesocarp meal (BMM) (0.0; 7.5; 15.0 and 22.5%) in ewe lambs. The IVRF test was performed through the "Hohenheim Gas Test" technique, following a randomized complete block design, with four blocks (rumen fluids from four different bovines). Gas production was measured at 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours after incubation. For the AIVD trial, 20 ewe lambs were used in a completely randomized design with five replicates. The animals were housed in metabolic cages during the digestibility test. Diets with BMM showed lower fermentation levels than those without BMM. The BMM reduced the gas production per incubation time and dry matter effective degradability (DMED), possibly due to its chemical characteristics, or even to the influence of other factors, such as physical properties. The BMM negatively influenced the AIVD of DM. Thus, it can be stated that, despite being a starch source, BMM reduces ruminal fermentation parameters when included in ruminant diets, negatively interfering with diet digestibility. Therefore, its use should be cautious.

O estudo foi realizado na Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT), na Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnias, Campus de Araguaína, foram avaliadas as características morfogênicas, agronômicas e o índice de área foliar da Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu, submetido a crescentes níveis de sombreamento artificial com e sem adubação, sendo os níveis de sombreamento (0%; 30%; 50% e 70%) e adubação de (80 kg ha-1 ano). O solo onde a forragem encontrava-se implantada era o Neossolo Quartizarênico Órtico típico. Tendo em vista a necessidade de mais conhecimento sobre os sistemas Silvipastoris na região Norte do país, o objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar as mudanças morfológicas ocorrida pelo vegetal através do estudo da morfogênese e de como a adubação atua nesse processo, o delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados (DBC), em arranjo fatorial 4x2. O sombreamento aumentou, comprimento de bainha (CB) e consequentemente no comprimento médio de lâmina foliar aparecida (CMLFAP) e adubação conferiu influências na duração de vida de folha (DVF), CB, taxa de alongamento de colmo (TALC), número de folhas mortas (NFM). A produtividade em kg de matéria seca não foram alterados pelos tratamentos e não alterou de forma significativa a taxa de senescência foliar (TSF). A Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu mostrou capacidade de adaptação aos níveis crescentes de sombreamento, sendo capaz de produzir um percentual de matéria seca (MS) considerável em comparação ao sol pleno, ambos implantados em solo arenoso.

The study was conducted at the Federal University of Tocantins, in the School of Veterinary Medicine and Zootecnias, Campus Araguaína were evaluated morphogenetic, agronomic and leaf area index of Urochloa brizantha characteristics. Palisade, subjected to increasing levels of shading with and without fertilizer, and shading levels (0%, 30%, 50% and 70%) and fertilization (80 kg ha-1 year). The soil where the forage found himself deployed was Quartzarenic Neosol typical Orthic. Given the need for more knowledge about the silvopastoral systems in Northern region the objective was to investigate the morphological changes that occurred by plant through the study of morphogenesis and acts as a fertilizer in this process, the experimental design was a randomized block (DBC) in factorial arrangement 2x2, shading increased the CB and consequently on CMLFAP fertilization and gave influences on DVF, CB, TALC, NFM. Productivity in Kg dry matter not affected by treatments. The Urochloa brizantha. Marandu showed ability to adapt to increasing levels of shading, being able to produce a considerable percentage of MS compared to full sun both deployed in sandy soil.

Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de diferentes inclusões da farinha do endocarpo I do babaçu sobre o consumo e comportamento ingestivo de ovinos. Vinte ovinos machos não castrados foram distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso em quatro tratamentos com cinco repetições por tratamento. Os animais receberam dietas experimentais isofibrosas, isoenergéticas e isonitrogenadas (zero; 7,5%; 15%; 22,5%). O comportamento ingestivo foi realizado durante o período de 24 horas, sendo as variáveis comportamentais: ócio, ruminação e alimentação e mastigação. Observou-se que o consumo de matéria seca em função do peso vivo e do peso metabólico reduziu linearmente com a inclusão da farinha do endocarpo I na dieta. A eficiência de alimentação, ruminação e mastigação quando expressa em gramas /matéria seca/hora, reduziu de forma linear com as diferentes inclusões do subproduto. O comportamento ingestivo das atividades alimentação, ócio, ruminação e mastigação em minutos por dia não foi alterado neste ensaio

The objective of this work was to investigate the ingestive behavior of sheep fed with different inclusions of babassu endocarp meal I. The animals receive isofibrous, isoenergetic and isonitrogenous diets containing the by-product in increasing levels of inclusion (zero; 7,5%; 15%; 22,5%). Twenty rams were used in this study and distributed in four treatments with five repetitions each. The ingestive behavior was conducted over a period of 24 hours, with visual observations at 5 minutes intervals and the variables being: idle, ruminating, feeding and chewing. The study demonstrated that the dry matter intake in function of the body weight and the metabolic weight decreased linearly as the babassu endocarp meal I was included in the diet. The feeding, ruminating and chewing efficiency when expressed in grams/dry matter/hour was reduced in a linear response with the different inclusions of the by-product. The ingestive behavior of feeding, idle, rumination and chewing activities in minutes/day was not altered in this study